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Understanding SQL Server CROSS APPLY and OUTER APPLY Queries - Part 1 Sep 27, 2021 by Robert Gravelle

Part 1: APPLY vs JOIN

As you are probably aware, JOIN operations in SQL Server are used to join two or more tables. However, in SQL Server, JOIN operations cannot be used to join a table with the output of a table valued function. In case you have not heard of table valued functions, these are functions that return data in the form of tables. In order to allow the joining of two table expressions SQL Server 2005 introduced the APPLY operator. In this blog, we'll learn how the APPLY operator differs from regular JOINs.

Overview of RDBMS Index Types Sep 17, 2021 by Robert Gravelle

Recently, the subject of database indexes has come up a couple of times, specifically, in the The Downside of Database Indexing and The Impact of Database Indexes On Write Operations articles. Both pieces alluded to the fact that relational databases support a number of index types. Today's blog will provide an overview of the most common ones.

Changing a Column's Data Type In Relational Databases Sep 10, 2021 by Robert Gravelle

Over time, system requirements change. These may necessitate the creation of new databases, tables, and columns as well as the altering of existing table structures. Changing a column's data type may be a trivial operation or a difficult one, depending on the source and target data types, as well as the data contained within the column. This blog will address some of the common challenges in changing a column's data type, along with strategies which you can employ to facilitate the process.

Floating Point Rounding Errors in MySQL Sep 3, 2021 by Robert Gravelle

Although MySQL DECIMAL and NUMERIC data types are both fixed-point values, they are still susceptible to rounding errors. The reason is that, no matter how many digits a type can accommodate (the maximum number of digits for DECIMAL is 65!) that number is still fixed. Moreover, DECIMAL columns can be assigned a precision or scale that could have the potential affect of truncation to the allowed number of digits.

Working With the MySQL Slow Query Log Aug 27, 2021 by Robert Gravelle

MySQL provides several different log files that can help you find out what's going on inside your MySQL server instance. These include:

  • error log
  • isam log
  • general query log
  • binary log
  • slow log

Of these, the slow query log is especially useful for finding inefficient or time-consuming queries, which can adversely affect database and overall server performance. This blog will describe how to read and interpret slow query log output to better debug query performance.

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